222. Prosecution for defamation.
(1) No Court shall take cognizance of an offence punishable under Chapter XIX of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, except upon a complaint made by some person aggrieved by the offence:
Provided that where such person is under the age of eighteen years, or is an idiot or a lunatic, or is from sickness or infirmity unable to make a complaint, or is a woman who, according to the local customs and manners, ought not to be compelled to appear in public, some other person may, with the leave of the Court, make a complaint on his or her behalf.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Sanhita, when any offence falling under Chapter XIX of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 is alleged to have been committed against a person being, or being a member of, the President of India, the Vice-President of India, the Governor of a State, a Minister of the Union, a Member of Parliament, a Minister of a State, or a Member of the Legislature of a State, a Court may take cognizance of such offence without a complaint having been made, if so requested in writing by the Public Prosecutor.