Section 59: Proof of documents by primary evidence

Q: What does Section 59 of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 (BSA) deal with?

Section 59 BSA pertains to "Proof of documents by primary evidence". It is part of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023, a legislation enacted by the Parliament of India. Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 (BSA) governs proof of documents by primary evidence. This section replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024.

Q: Is Section 59 BSA still in force?

Yes, Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 is currently in force across the Republic of India.

Q: What is धारा 59 BSA?

धारा 59 BSA is the Devanagari Hindi reference for Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023. Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 (BSA) governs proof of documents by primary evidence. This section replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024.

Q: What is Dhara 59 BSA?

Dhara 59 BSA is the Roman Hindi reference for Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023. "Dhara" means "Section" in Hindi. Section 59 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 (BSA) governs proof of documents by primary evidence. This section replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024.

Q: How to cite Section 59 of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023?

Cite as: "Section 59, Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 (BSA)" in legal briefs. For academic writing, use the BlueBook format: Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023, 2023, § 59 (India).

Q: Which old section does BSA Section 59 replace?

Section 59 replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024.

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Tuesday, 28 July 2026

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Table of Contents

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023

Chapter V — Of Documentary Evidence

Section 59

Proof of documents by primary evidence

New LawEffective 1 July 2024

Replaces

IEA §65, 65A

Indian Evidence Act, 1872

This Section

BSA §59

Section 59

Section 59 of the BSA replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024. This is part of India's comprehensive criminal law reform.

Read old IEA →📊 Compare BSA §59 vs IEA §65, 65A

Documents shall be proved by primary evidence except in the cases hereinafter mentioned.

Related Sections

Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given

BSA

§56

Proof of contents of documents

Proof of documents by primary evidence

BSA

§61

Electronic or digital record

BSA

§65

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Section 65

↗ New LawIEA

§65A

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Section 65A

↗ New LawIEA

Printed from Law on Tips • Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023

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Table of Contents

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023

Chapter V — Of Documentary Evidence

Section 59

Proof of documents by primary evidence

New LawEffective 1 July 2024

Replaces

IEA §65, 65A

Indian Evidence Act, 1872

This Section

BSA §59

Section 59

Section 59 of the BSA replaces Section 65, 65A of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), effective from 1 July 2024. This is part of India's comprehensive criminal law reform.